Name Something You Find In The Cave – In 1940, four teenage boys stumble into the Paleolithic era from German-occupied France. According to the story – and there are many versions – they were walking in the woods near the town of Montignac when their guide dog suddenly disappeared. A quick search revealed that their animal companion had fallen into a hole in the ground, so – in the spirit of Tintin they are most familiar with – the boys made a perilous 15m descent to find it. They found the dog and more, especially in the returns lit by paraffin lamps. This hole led to a cave whose walls and ceiling were covered with brightly colored paintings of animals unknown to the Dordogne in the 20th century – bison, aurochs and lions. One boy later reported that they began moving around the cave in amazement and ecstasy like “a band of savages doing a war dance.” Another recalled seeing painted animals moving in the light of the boys’ lanterns. “We’re going absolutely crazy,” said another, though the build-up of carbon dioxide in the poorly ventilated cave may have had something to do with it.
It was the famous and tourist attraction of the Lascaux cave, which eventually had to be closed to prevent visitors from ruining the artwork with their feces. Today, almost a century later, we know that Lascaux is part of a worldwide phenomenon originally known as “decorated caves.” On every continent except Antarctica – at least 350 of them have been found in Europe alone thanks to the cave-rich Pyrenees – the latest discoveries in Borneo (2018) and Croatia (April 2019). Strangely, given the distance that separates them, all are decorated with similar decorations: human handprints or stencils, abstract designs of dots and crosses, and large animals, both carnivorous and herbivorous, many of which are now extinct. Not all of these figures are present in every decorated cave – some only have handprints or megafauna. Archaeologists speculate that these paintings were made by our distant ancestors, but the caves do not depict humans in any form.
Name Something You Find In The Cave
But there are human-like creatures that some archaeologists cautiously call “humanoids,” referring to the bipedal stick figures sometimes seen on the edges of animal-shaped tablets. The non-human animals are painted with almost insane attention to facial and muscular detail, but to the disappointment of tourists no doubt, the anthropoids painted on the cave walls do have faces.
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This certainly came as a surprise to me, given my own particular historical situation some 20,000 years after the creation of the cave art in question. Around 2002, we entered the age of the ‘selfie’, where everyone was fascinated by their electronic self-portraits – clothed or unclothed, made-up or natural, partying or brooding – and decided to spread them as widely as possible. Then, in 2016, the United States acquired a president whose kindest thing to say is a narcissist. It’s a loosely defined psychological condition, I admit, but it’s appropriate for a man so obsessed with his image that he decorates his golf club walls with fake Time magazine covers featuring himself. In addition to all this, we have been given a notice to evict our planet: the polar regions are turning into meltwater. People in the Southern Hemisphere continue to move north to more hospitable climates for crops. In July, the temperature in Paris reached a record 42.6 degrees.
You could say that my sudden obsession with cave art is an obvious version of the origins of the boys in Nazi-dominated France at Lascaux Cave. Articles in the New York Times urged afflicted readers to seek refuge in “self-defense” measures like meditation, nature hikes, and massages, but none of them appealed to me. Instead, I took intermittent breaks in what I assumed I called “resistance” from being dragged down the rabbit hole of archaeological scholarship. In my case, it wasn’t just a matter of running away. I was fascinated by our relatively egoless ancestors who went to great lengths to create some of the world’s most amazing works of art – and didn’t even bother to sign their names.
The cave art had a profound effect on its 20th-century visitors, including the young explorers of Lascaux, one of whom camped near the cave’s opening in the winter of 1940-1941 to protect it from vandals and possibly the Germans. . Celebrity guests had similar reactions. In 1928, the artist and critic Amédée Ozenfant wrote of the art of the Les Eyzies caves: “Ah, those hands! The silhouettes of those hands, spread out and stenciled on the ocher surface! Go see them. I promise you the most intense sensation you will ever experience. He is a Paleolithic man.” ” Artists inspired modern art, and to some extent they did. Jackson Pollock honored them by putting handprints in the upper corners of two of his paintings. Pablo Picasso is said to have visited the famous Altamira cave before fleeing Spain in 1934 and declared: “Beyond Altamira is everything.”
Indeed, cave art inspired the question raised by all truly arresting art: “What does it mean?” Who was its target audience and what were they supposed to get out of it? The boys who discovered Lascaux put their questions to one of their school teachers, who contacted the priest Henri Breuil, who knows everything about prehistory, to be called the “Pope of Prehistory”. Surprisingly, he offered a “magico-religious” interpretation, the prefix “magico” being pejorative to distinguish Paleolithic beliefs, whatever they were, from the monotheisms of the modern world. More practically, he suggested that the painted animals were meant to magically attract the real animals they represented so that humans would be better off hunting and eating them.
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Unfortunately for this theory, it turns out that the animals on the cave walls were not the kind that the artists usually ate. For example, the creators of Lascaux art ate reindeer, not the more powerful herbivores depicted in the cave, which would have been difficult for men armed with flint spears to bring down without trampling. Most scholars today answer the question of meaning: “We may never know.”
If the intense curiosity that drove the explorers of Lascaux is not enough to motivate the search for better answers, there is a moral parable that comes down to us from the cave of Lascaux. Soon after this was discovered, one of the Jewish boys in the group was arrested and sent with his parents to a detention center where they stopped on their way to Buchenwald. Miraculously, he was rescued by the French Red Cross and he emerged from captivity as the only person on earth who has seen both the hell of 20th century fascism and the artistic ruins of the Paleolithic era. As we know from the archaeological record, the last time was a time of relative peace between humans. There was undoubtedly killing and tension between and within human groups, but it would be at least another 10,000 years before war was invented as an organized collective activity. Cave art suggests that people had better ways to spend their time.
If they are human; And the world-famous cave art gallery has few critters or bipeds we can’t quite believe. If Paleolithic cave painters were able to create such completely natural animals, why not take a look at the painters themselves? As strange as the absence of human figures in the caves is the lack of scientific interest in their absence. World-class archaeologist Jean Clotes, in his book What is Paleolithic Art? In the book, he devotes only a few pages to this problem: “The important role of animals is clearly illustrated by the scarcity of people. In the Paleolithic, humans were not central. An article published by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention expresses bewilderment at people’s avoidance of natural imagery, citing Paleolithic humans’ “inexplicable fascination with wild animals” (not that wild animals did not exist at the time).
The extremes of the human figures in the cave paintings suggest that, at least from a human perspective, the central drama of the Paleolithic took place between different megafauna – carnivores and large herbivores. The megafauna has been so decimated that it is almost impossible to imagine how thick the earth once was with large mammals. Even herbivores can be dangerous to humans if there’s any hint of mythology: think of the buffalo demon killed by the Hindu goddess Durga, or the Cretan half-man, half-bull Minotaur, who can only be subdued by restraint.
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